Network and Telecommunication – The Evolution in Telecommunication from Wire to Wireless
Basically telecommunication system consists of three elements which are the transmitter, transmission medium and receiver. The transmitter will convert information into a signal. Through transmission medium it will be send to receiver and convert the signal back into usable information. For example, the radio broadcast tower is the transmitter, free space is the transmission medium and so the radio as the receiver.
On above, we can see how important that is transmission medium in telecommunication system. That’s why nowadays our transmission medium is more advance. Another thing that we cannot underestimate is the important of wire.
In daily life, we can find out many different wire/cable which in different looking. For example, the coaxial cable that use by television. Coaxial cable is cover by PVC jacket as an outer conductor and the second layer of it is a shield that can against electromagnetic interference. In the middle is a solid copper conductor that surrounded by a non-conductive dielectric. The outer layer of it protects the wiring inside from weather and the elements.
Other than coaxial cable, wire that we are familiar is the fiber-optical cable which normally use in medical, defense/government, data storage, telecommunications, networking, industrial/commercial and broadcast field. On the other hand, twisted-pair wires are use as telephone wire.
Wire technologies are very essential for all electronic, but when the demand on wire increase many wires and cables will jam together and take space. In addition, wire is limited in length and some more cost are not cheap for those quality wire which need in some specific field.
That is why wireless technologies were developed. It do not have limitation in length and no needed in cost other than build up the transmitter. Working place will look tidier without bunches of wire. Wireless technologies are convenience and easy to use.
In another point of view wireless technologies are not strictly a transmission media, but rather a technology in which radio signals are sent through the air. For example, wireless LANS, WiMAX, Bluetooth, Communications Satellite e.g.
As a fast review, wireless LANS is using wireless radio-wave technology to connect PCs within an office or a building. WiMAX is the newest of network type which similar to Wi-Fi. In comparison with Wi-Fi operates distance and speeds, WiMAX is more outstanding. Besides, Bluetooth be regarded as short-range wireless technology which fairly low cost to implement. Space station that receives microwave signals from earth-based station, amplifies signals, and broadcasts signals back to any number of earth-based stations are the function of communications satellite.
As a conclusion, in the evolution of telecommunications, we can see that the advance of wireless technologies are gradually replacing wire technologies. But wire technologies will still be needed in future, due to some of the advantage are not found in wireless technologies.
Monday, March 1, 2010
Data Management
Traditional File Processing
Data start to be manage in a very traditional way, that is Traditional Files Processing. In this ways, business application can only use specific data files that contain only specific data records. The disadvantage of this data management include,
- Data Redundancy - data duplicated in several files and hard to update in each of the files.
- Lack of Data Integration - end user finds difficult to find information when they need to access different files.
- Data Dependance - all the files location. organization and application software - depended on each other.
- Lack of Intregrity or Standardization - different end users and application defined data element differently.
Data Management Approach - data is being consolidate into database that can be accessed by different program using Database Management System(DBMS).
Database Management System
Student Database
Logical Data elements
Field/data item - group of related character representing an attribute, ex: Lastname, state etc
- Record - group of field to describe attribute of an entity, ex: Galla, Mclaughing etc
- File /Table - group of related record, ex: as in the picture.
Related table - matching field among tables, primary keys
Type of Database
1. Operational database – needed data are stored to support business processes and application. Other name includes subject area databases, transaction databases and production databases.
2. Distributed databases – parts of database are copied to network server at variety location. This is to protect the data. However, any changes must be done in every location.
3. External databases – free database available in commercial online services. Example Google.
4. Hypermedia Databases – website that stores hyperlinked pages of multimedia.
DATA WAREHOUSE
Databases in an organization will be extract into static data and stored in warehouses. Data warehouses can be divided to data marts.
DATA MINING
Hidden pattern or trend that are analyzed in data warehouses. Example include• Prevent customer attrition• Cross sell to existing customer• Profile customer with more accuracyMarket Basket Analysis - common data mining analysis that determined what product customer will purchase together.
IS Software-The comparison between general purpose application software and Function-specific application software
The comparison between General Purpose Application Software and Function-specific Application Software.
General Purpose Application Software
This software are programs that perform common information processing jobs for end users.Normally this software are popular with microcomputer users for home , education , business , scientific , and many other purposes . Because they significantly increase the productivity of end users ， sometimes known as productivity .
Example :
Lotus WordPro :
use to create , edit , revise , and print document.
Spreadsheet : used by virtually every business for analysis , planning , modeling.
Presentation Graphics : used to create multimedia presentations of graphics, photo , animation and video clips.
UBS Accounting
General Purpose Application Software
This software are programs that perform common information processing jobs for end users.Normally this software are popular with microcomputer users for home , education , business , scientific , and many other purposes . Because they significantly increase the productivity of end users ， sometimes known as productivity .
Example :
Lotus WordPro :use to create , edit , revise , and print document.
Spreadsheet : used by virtually every business for analysis , planning , modeling.
Presentation Graphics : used to create multimedia presentations of graphics, photo , animation and video clips.Function-specific Application Software
Also call as business application software , that are support the reengineering and automation of business processes with strategic e-business applications.Thousands of function-specific application software packages are available to support specific applications of end users in business and other fields.
Customer Relationship Management
Enterprise Resource Planning
Also call as business application software , that are support the reengineering and automation of business processes with strategic e-business applications.Thousands of function-specific application software packages are available to support specific applications of end users in business and other fields.
Customer Relationship Management
Enterprise Resource Planning
UBS Accounting
IS Hardware - The evolution of computer systems
IS Hardware : The evolution of computer systems : from mainframe computer systems to microcomputer systems.
• microcomputer, midrange, and mainframe computer systems
A Mobile Computer is a small computer that can be carried in a pocket and also
known as personal digital assistants (PDAs). The outstanding features of a PDA are Web-enabled, handwriting recognition, use touch screens or keypads. PDA will comparatively leverage the productivity of a business manager by providing access email or the Web, exchange data with desktop PCs or servers. Thus, mobile computers are very popular in the portable computers market. The latest entrant company of PDA in the computers market is the BlackBerry.
Microcomputer is usually called a personal computer or PC. The computing power now exceeds that of the mainframes of previous generations. It is relatively inexpensive and affordable. Hence, it scored a better selling quantity than TVs as its function is going to take over the old-fashioned features of TVs. Besides, it also widely used in the networked professional workstations by business processions. Microcomputers also can function as Workstations and Network Servers. Nowadays, microcomputer is getting common to supports basic mathematical calculation and graphics display demands. It also can perform investment and portfolio analysis that is relatively more powerful than workstations. It able coordinates telecommunications and resource sharing. Microcomputers also support small networks and Internet or intranet websites.
Midrange computer less expensive to buy, operate, and maintain in addition with it is smaller than mainframe in physical size, but still too large to set on a table or desk. Besides, Midrange computer systems can handle large-scale processing without the high cost or space considerations of a large-scale mainframe. Midrange computers are often used to manage large Internet websites, corporate intranets and extranets, integrated, and enterprise-wide applications. It also used as front-end servers to assist mainframes with telecommunications and networks. Midrange computers also can handle high-end network servers that handle large-scale processing of business applications. However, it is not as powerful as mainframes. Midrange computers are obvious to be seen that function as network Computers, Web Servers and etc.
A mainframe computer is large, fast, powerful
computer systems. It supports large primary storage capacity and high transaction processing. Thus, it is not a big deal to handle complex computations. It is widely used as superservers for large client/server networks, Enterprise Systems and high-volume Internet websites. Thus, it is becoming a popular computing platform for data mining and warehousing, electronic commerce applications and etc.
Supercomputer is extremely powerful most expensive computer systems designed for applications requiring complex mathematical
calculations, scientific, engineering, and business applications and massive numeric computations. It usually Costs $5 to $50 million that reimburse in billions to trillions of operations per second (gigaflops and teraflops). The markets include in Government research agencies, large universities, and some particular major corporations.
• microcomputer, midrange, and mainframe computer systems
A Mobile Computer is a small computer that can be carried in a pocket and also
known as personal digital assistants (PDAs). The outstanding features of a PDA are Web-enabled, handwriting recognition, use touch screens or keypads. PDA will comparatively leverage the productivity of a business manager by providing access email or the Web, exchange data with desktop PCs or servers. Thus, mobile computers are very popular in the portable computers market. The latest entrant company of PDA in the computers market is the BlackBerry.
Microcomputer is usually called a personal computer or PC. The computing power now exceeds that of the mainframes of previous generations. It is relatively inexpensive and affordable. Hence, it scored a better selling quantity than TVs as its function is going to take over the old-fashioned features of TVs. Besides, it also widely used in the networked professional workstations by business processions. Microcomputers also can function as Workstations and Network Servers. Nowadays, microcomputer is getting common to supports basic mathematical calculation and graphics display demands. It also can perform investment and portfolio analysis that is relatively more powerful than workstations. It able coordinates telecommunications and resource sharing. Microcomputers also support small networks and Internet or intranet websites.
Midrange computer less expensive to buy, operate, and maintain in addition with it is smaller than mainframe in physical size, but still too large to set on a table or desk. Besides, Midrange computer systems can handle large-scale processing without the high cost or space considerations of a large-scale mainframe. Midrange computers are often used to manage large Internet websites, corporate intranets and extranets, integrated, and enterprise-wide applications. It also used as front-end servers to assist mainframes with telecommunications and networks. Midrange computers also can handle high-end network servers that handle large-scale processing of business applications. However, it is not as powerful as mainframes. Midrange computers are obvious to be seen that function as network Computers, Web Servers and etc.A mainframe computer is large, fast, powerful
computer systems. It supports large primary storage capacity and high transaction processing. Thus, it is not a big deal to handle complex computations. It is widely used as superservers for large client/server networks, Enterprise Systems and high-volume Internet websites. Thus, it is becoming a popular computing platform for data mining and warehousing, electronic commerce applications and etc.Supercomputer is extremely powerful most expensive computer systems designed for applications requiring complex mathematical
calculations, scientific, engineering, and business applications and massive numeric computations. It usually Costs $5 to $50 million that reimburse in billions to trillions of operations per second (gigaflops and teraflops). The markets include in Government research agencies, large universities, and some particular major corporations.
Introduction - About Us...
Hai, my name is Chin, i wan born in Selangor in a place name Semenyih, nearby a famous food, Kajang Satay.Born in 1987, love music and hanging out with my friend. I am big, strong and very friendly. Love listen to music, play basketball and play guitar. That's all 'bout me.
5 website,
Facebook :For latest update of all friend.
Hotmail :For the latest information.
Youtube :To search for latest MV
Google :To search for information
The Star Online:latest News wordlwide
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Hi everyone , my name is Raymond Goh Yien Hoon . Most of my coursemate used to call me Rayv . I come from Johor , the southest state in our country and I live in the southest city (Johor Bahru) in Johor . Currently I am pursuing a BBA(HoNS) Entrepreneurship in University Tunku Abdul Rahman , Perak(Kampar) main campus . Maybe I have accustomed to JB's urbanization life style , so the first few week I really can't used to the rural life style in Kampar . But frankly , Kampar is really a nice place to concentrate on studies . My hobbies is Photography and singing .
As a undergraduate student , I always log on to the Utar student portal to gain the latest information , news in the school and also to get the latest lecture slides and the tutorial question . Beside this the student portal is also a platform to communicate with other students and also lecture or tutor .
During free time , the website I’ll surf is Facebook . Facebook is a platform that allow me to meet new friends and reconnect with ex-schoolmates and friends . Facebook also allow me to communicate with my coursemate when we arrange the time and venue for group discussion and some event .
Checking emails is one of the “daily activity” I’ll do everyday . So , I do this through Hotmail . This website also allow me to communicate with friends and also relatives in other countries .
When I am free , I will log to Youtube to watch some funny videos or music video . beside this , sometime I also will watch some documentary to gain extra knowledge . In additional , I also upload videos about my friends and I to share with others.
Furthermore , I will go to JBtalks (a famous Chinese based forum in JB) to gain knowledge and news happen in the city and also in the country . In addition , I also able to speak and give my opinion . it is a platform for me to interact with other users .
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Hi,I am Chong Hui Chi,you can also call me Jacqueline Chong.I was born on 19th May 1989 in Ipoh.My hobbies are watching movie,listen to music and hanging out with friends.The websites i always visit are Facebook,Youtube,Yahoo,Google and MSN.
1.Facebook-Through the facebook i can connect with friends and can know the current situation of friends.
2.Youtube-searching for the latest MV and funny videos.
3.Yahoo-get the latest informations and checking for my e-mail.
4.Google-searching for the information and details.
5.MSN-chating and keep contact with friends.
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I am Lim V Yang, a little Chinese boy that born in Kuantan Government Hospital. In 2009 December, I decided to register for the 2010 intake in University Tunku Abdul Rahman (UTAR). In the end of December I receive a letter from UTAR, which said that my registration was successfully approved. 18 of January 2010, was the first step of my university live.
That seem usual for everyone in university having their own assignment on different subject. In this Information System, we were told to do a blog, which entitle 5 different topic. For the first topic, I will share the website I surf the most:
1. Facebook, http://www.facebook.com
Mostly I surf this website for getting know more of my friends, through photo and their leave message.
2. Blog, http://www.blogger.com
I always will write my own diary in this blog, this makes me know what did I in my previous day.
3.Msn, http://www.msn.com
I get to surf this website for check my email.
4.Kukudm, http://comic.kukudm.com
This is the website that I get my relaxing, I always read comic when I am free or fell pressure.
5.Google, http://www.google.com.my
Google is the useful website for me to search things that I interested in. For example, recently I get interest in Tai Ji Kungfu. Through this I found out some useful information and details.
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I am MacBryan. My friends use to call me Mac as nickname. I love adventure and funs. My top 5 activities and regular visited websites on internet are as below,
www.onemanga.com and www.megamanga.com – browsing and reading free online manga
www.piratebay.org, www.mininova.org – download free books and movies etc
www.facebook.com – communicates and maintains friendships internationally
www.mail.yahoo.com – check important mails from colleagues
www.pps.tv.com – watching online movies instead of download
Lastly, my life is so depending and bond with internet. I couldnt spend even a perferct day without it. So, I am always being gratefull to the founders and web-developers of Internet.
www.onemanga.com
Read your favorite mangas scans and scanlations online. OneManga free online manga reader. Naruto, Bleach, One Piece, Vampire Knight and many more.
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